HOW MANY STARS ARE THERE IN THE SPACE ?

                                                        

                                                             STARS IN OUR SPACE.
Space is a big area. In the space there are many planets, asteroids, comets and stars. In this post I am going to talk about stars.
There are many stars in our space.

• The Sun: Sun is in the center of our solar system. Our most nearest star is sun. It is nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, with internal convective motion that generates a magnetic field via dynamo process. Sun has a very important role for our earth and all the solar planets. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on earth. The distance from earth to the sun is about 15 crore kilometre. Because of the sun day and night is possible in the earth. Light from the sun takes about 8 minutes to reach the earth. The Surface temperature of the sun is 5,778 K. The surface area of the sun is 6.09x1012 km2.The surface area of the sun is 12,000 times bigger than our earth. The escape velocity of the sun is 617.7 km/s; which is 55 times greater than our earth. The sun currently fuses about 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium every second, converting 4 million tons of matter into energy every second as a result. Sun is the main source of energy for our earth. So, sun is very important to us.

• Proxima Centauri: Proxima Centauri is the 2nd nearest star to the earth. Proxima Centauri is a small and low mass star. Proxima Centauri is 4.244 light years away from the sun. Centaurus is a Latin word it means “nearest” . The object was discovered in 1915.Robbert Innes discovered this object. Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star. Proxima Centauri’s actual diameter is about one-seventh the diameter of the sun. In 2016, astronomers found Proxima Centauri b, a planet orbiting the star at a distance of roughly 0.05 AU (7.5 million km) with an orbital period of approximately 11.2 earth days. Proxima Centauri b has habitable zone. Proxima centauri b is also called Proxima b. The temperature of Proxima b is 234 k. B-V color index of Proxima Centauri is 1.82 and U-B color index of Proxima Centauri is 1.26.

• Alfa Centauri: Alfa Centauri is the 3rd nearest star to the earth. Alfa Centauri A is a yellow star with a spectral type of G2. Alfa Centauri B is an orange star with a spectral type of K1. Alfa Centauri is the brightest star in the southern sky. Alfa Centauri is 4.37 light-years away from our sun. The real distance between Alfa Centauri and the sun is 4.367 light-years. It is a triple star system, consisting of three stars: Alfa Centauri A(officially Rigil kentaurus), Alfa Centauri B(officially Toliman), Alfa Centauri C(officially Proxima Centauri).There are two stars Alfa Centauri A and Alfa Centauri B. Alfa Centauri A and B are sun-like stars, and together they form Alpha Centauri AB. There are only one planet in the Alfa Centauri system: Proxima Centauri b. Proxima Centauri b is slightly larger than our earth. Proxima Centauri b orbits around Proxima Centauri in its habitable zone. 

• Barnard’s Star: Barnard’s Star is the 4th nearest star to our earth. Barnard’s Star is a red dwarf star. Barnard’s star is about 6 light years away from our earth. Its stellar mass is about 14% of the Sun’s mass. The surface temperature of the Barnard’s Star is 3,134 K. Its B-V color index is 1.713 and U-B color index is 1.257. This star is named by an American astronomer called E. E. Barnard. Barnard’s Star b is a super earth-like exoplanet and ice planet, orbiting the Barnard’s Star. The distance between earth and Barnard’s Star is about 6 light years.

• Luhman 16: Luhman 16  (WISE 1049-5319, WISE J104915.57-531906.1)  is the 5th nearest star system to our earth. Luhman 16 is a binary brown-dwarf system in the southern constellation Vela. Luhman 16 star system is 6.517 light-years(2.0 pc) away from our earth. The surface temperature is about 1,429 K. There are two exoplanets which are orbiting the star. the two planets are Luhman 16 A and Luhman 16 B. The temperature of Luhman 16 A is 1350 K and the temperature of Luhman 16 B is 1210 K.

• Wolf 359 Star: Wolf 359 is the 6th nearest star to our earth. Wolf 359 is a red dwarf star located in the constellation Leo, near the ecliptic. Wolf 359 is approximately 7.9 light-years away from us. This star can only be seen by a large telescope. The surface temperature of Wolf 359 is 2,800 K. Its radius is about 111,310 km. The B-V color index of this star is +2.034. Wolf 359 star has a magnetic field that is stronger than the average magnetic field on the sun. Wolf 359 is a flare star. Wolf 359 is a relatively young star with star with an age of of less than a billion years.

• Lalande 21185: Lalande 21185 is a star in the constellation of Ursa Major, relevant for being the brightest red dwarf star. It is obsevable in the nnorthern hemisphere. The star is visible through a small telescope. Its surface temperature is 3,828 K. The radious of the star is 273,530 Km. The U-B index of the star is +1.074 and teh B-V index of the star is +1.444. The spectral type of the star is M2V. The distance between Sun and Lalande 21185 is about 4.65 light-years.

• Sirius: Sirius is the 8th nearest star to our earth. Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky. Sirius is 8.611 light-years away from our planet earth. Its surface is very hot, its surface teperature is about 9,940 K. 1.19 million Km is the radius of the star Sirius. Sirius is a binary star consisting of a main-sequence star of spectral type A0 or A1, termed Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral type of DA2, termed Sirius B. Sirius A is about twice as massive as the sun. Sirius A is 25 times more luminous than the Sun. This system is about 200-300 million years old. It is conquially known as the "Dog Star". The apperent magnitude of Sirius is 1.46.

• Luyten 726-8: Luyten 726-8 is a binary star system. This star system is also known as Gliese 65. The constellation of the star is Cetus. This star systemm is about 8.7 light-years away from our earth.

• Ross 154: Ross 154 is a star of the constellation of sagittarius. Ross 154 star has an apparent visual magnitude of 10.44. The sirface temperature of the star is 3,340 K. The radius of the star Ross 154 is 166,970 Km. It is 9.589 light-years away from our earth. Its spectral type is M3.5V. Its B-V index is 1.76.

• Ross 248: Ross 248 is a star in the constellation of Andromeda. This star is also called HH andromedae. Ross 248 star is 10.3 light-years away from our earth. The surface temperature of the star is 2,799 K. Its spectral type is M6V. The radius of the star is 1 lack 11 thousand 3 hundred 10 Km.

• Epsilon Eridani: Epsilon Eridani is a star in the southern constellation of Eridanus. This star has an apparent magnitude of 3.73. The surface temperature of the star is 5,084 K. Its U-B index is +0.571 and B-V index is +0.887. Epsilon Eridani star is 10.5 light-years away from our nearest star Sun.

 These are the the top 12 nearest stars in our space. In the space there are many stars but these are top 12.